容器化开发环境 - 应用和数据库隔离

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上一篇容器化开发环境 - 数据库连接和迁移分享了关于如何给容器中的应用创建数据库连接，接下来将分享一下如何将数据库从应用容器中分离出来。

为什么要进行分离？当应用和数据库在同一个容器中运行时，也就意味着，应用和数据库的生命周期捆绑在了一起，应用和数据库的运行就会出现相互干扰现象，应用的异常将有可能导致容器的停止，同时也将导致数据库的关闭。更主要的原因是，很多时候需要多个容器中的应用连接一个数据库，为了保证容器之间的运行相互独立，相互不影响，就有必要将数据库隔离在独立的容器中运行，让数据库和容器独处二人世界，同时保证数据库的生命周期不在受其它应用影响。

Setup Codebase

  • clone hello-dockerie repo
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    $ git clone https://github.com/aikin/hello-dockerize.git

Separate MySQL Dockerfile

  • 在dockerize目录下创建mysql/Dockerfle

  • 修改mysql/Dockerfile，配置安装MySQL脚本：

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    FROM ubuntu:14.04

    RUN apt-get update

    # === Install Mysql ===

    RUN groupadd -r mysql && useradd -r -g mysql mysql

    RUN mkdir /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d

    ENV MYSQL_MAJOR 5.7
    ENV MYSQL_VERSION 5.7.11-1ubuntu14.04

    # gpg: key 5072E1F5: public key "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>" imported
    RUN apt-key adv --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys A4A9406876FCBD3C456770C88C718D3B5072E1F5

    RUN echo "deb http://repo.mysql.com/apt/ubuntu/ trusty mysql-${MYSQL_MAJOR}" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mysql.list

    # the "/var/lib/mysql" stuff here is because the mysql-server postinst doesn't have an explicit way to disable the mysql_install_db codepath besides having a database already "configured" (ie, stuff in /var/lib/mysql/mysql)
    # also, we set debconf keys to make APT a little quieter
    RUN { \
    		echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/data-dir select ''; \
    		echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/root-pass password ''; \
    		echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/re-root-pass password ''; \
    		echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/remove-test-db select false; \
    	} | debconf-set-selections

    RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y mysql-server="${MYSQL_VERSION}"
    RUN rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
    RUN rm -rf /var/lib/mysql && mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql

    # comment out a few problematic configuration values
    # don't reverse lookup hostnames, they are usually another container
    RUN sed -Ei 's/^(bind-address|log)/#&/' /etc/mysql/my.cnf \
    	&& echo 'skip-host-cache\nskip-name-resolve' | awk '{ print } $1 == "[mysqld]" && c == 0 { c = 1; system("cat") }' /etc/mysql/my.cnf > /tmp/my.cnf \
    	&& mv /tmp/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf

    VOLUME /var/lib/mysql

    COPY docker-entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/
    RUN chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh
    RUN ln -s usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh # backwards compat
    ENTRYPOINT ["docker-entrypoint.sh"]

    EXPOSE 3306
    CMD ["mysqld"]

  • 修改dockerize/Dockerfile，移除安装MySQL的配置：

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    FROM ubuntu:14.04

    RUN apt-get update


    ENV VERSION 8
    ENV UPDATE 66
    ENV BUILD 17

    ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/lib/jvm/java-${VERSION}-oracle
    ENV JRE_HOME ${JAVA_HOME}/jre


    RUN apt-get install ca-certificates curl \
            gcc libc6-dev libssl-dev make \
            -y --no-install-recommends

    RUN	curl --silent --location --retry 3 --cacert /etc/ssl/certs/GeoTrust_Global_CA.pem \
    	--header "Cookie: oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie;" \
    	http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/"${VERSION}"u"${UPDATE}"-b"${BUILD}"/server-jre-"${VERSION}"u"${UPDATE}"-linux-x64.tar.gz \
    	| tar xz -C /tmp

    RUN	mkdir -p /usr/lib/jvm && mv /tmp/jdk1.${VERSION}.0_${UPDATE} "${JAVA_HOME}"

    RUN apt-get install -y openssl

    RUN apt-get remove --purge --auto-remove -y \
            gcc \
            libc6-dev \
            libssl-dev \
            make

    RUN	apt-get autoclean && apt-get --purge -y autoremove

    RUN	rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/*

    RUN update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "${JRE_HOME}/bin/java" 1 && \
    	update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javac" "javac" "${JAVA_HOME}/bin/javac" 1 && \
    	update-alternatives --set java "${JRE_HOME}/bin/java" && \
    	update-alternatives --set javac "${JAVA_HOME}/bin/javac"

    WORKDIR /hello-dockerize

    EXPOSE 8080
    EXPOSE 5005
    CMD ["bash"]

  • 将dockerize/docker-entrypoint.sh移动到dockerize/mysql目录下

Startup

  • 修改docker-compose.yml:

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    web:
      build: ./dockerize
      environment:
        - LANG=C.UTF-8
        - TERM=xterm
        - DEBUG=true
      links:
          - mysql:mysql
      ports:
        - "8080:8080"
        - "5005:5005"
      volumes:
        - .:/hello-dockerize

    mysql:
      build: ./dockerize/mysql
      env_file: ./dockerize/dev.env
      ports:
        - "3306:3306"
      volumes:
        - /var/lib/mysql:/var/lib/mysql

  • 启动容器：

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    $ docker-compose up

  • 查看容器

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    $ docker-compse ps

    ######
    Name                       Command             State                       Ports
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    hellodockerize_mysql_1     docker-entrypoint.sh mysqld   Up      0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp
    hellodockerize_web_run_1   bash                          Up      0.0.0.0:5005->5005/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp
    ######

  • 执行 migrate 命令:

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    root@6485a7a48988:/hello-dockerize# ./gradlew flywayClean flywayInit flywayMigrate

Check Migrate Result On Intellij IDEA

  • 查看 User 表

    user